BOLT Chinese Co-reference -- Discussion Forum, SMS/Chat, and Conversational Telephone Speech

Full Official Name: BOLT Chinese Co-reference -- Discussion Forum, SMS/Chat, and Conversational Telephone Speech
Submission date: March 18, 2021, 7:09 p.m.

*Introduction* BOLT Chinese Co-reference -- Discussion Forum, SMS/Chat, and Conversational Telephone Speech was developed by Raytheon BBN Technologies and consists of co-reference annotation on Chinese discussion forum (DF), SMS/Chat and conversational telephone speech (CTS). The DARPA BOLT (Broad Operational Language Translation) program developed machine translation and information retrieval for less formal genres, focusing particularly on user-generated content. The Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) supported the BOLT program by collecting informal data sources -- discussion forums, text messaging and chat -- in Chinese, Egyptian Arabic and English. The collected data was translated and annotated for various tasks including word alignment, treebanking, propbanking and co-reference. *Data* DF data was collected from the web using a combination of manual and automatic processes. SMS/Chat material was donated or collected via live platforms. CTS data was taken from LDC's Chinese CALLHOME and CALLFRIEND telephone collections. Co-reference annotation aims to fill in all of the connections between specific mentions in the text that refer to the same entities and events in the discourse context. BOLT co-reference annotation was performed on BOLT treebank annotation. It covers noun phrases (including proper nouns, nominals, pronouns and null arguments), possessives, proper noun pre-modifiers and verbs. Annotation files are presented in UTF-8 encoded XML format. *Sponsorship* This material is based upon work supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under Contract No. HR0011-11-C-0145. The content does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred.

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