DEFT Multilingual Rich ERE Annotation

Full Official Name: DEFT Multilingual Rich ERE Annotation
Submission date: Nov. 3, 2026, 9:14 p.m.

**Introduction** DEFT Multilingual Rich ERE Annotation (LDC2026T12) was developed by the Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) and contains 153 Chinese, English, and Spanish discussion forum threads annotated for entities, relations, and events (ERE). DARPA's Deep Exploration and Filtering of Text (DEFT) program aimed to address remaining capability gaps in state-of-the-art natural language processing technologies related to inference, causal relationships and anomaly detection. LDC supported the DEFT program by collecting, creating and annotating a variety of data sources. Light ERE annotation labels entity mentions for the target set of entity, relation and event types between and among those entities including coreference. Rich ERE annotation expands types and tagging in the entities, relations, and events annotation tasks and replaces strict event coreference with a more loosely defined event hopper annotation. Further information about the annotation methodology is contained in the documentation accompanying this release. **Data** The source data consists of 153 Chinese, English, and Spanish discussion forum text files drawn from TAC-KBP Entity Discovery and Linking - Comprehensive Training and Evaluation Data 2014-2015 (LDC2019T02). All files were labeled with Rich ERE annotation. Source documents and annotations are in XML format, and both are UTF-8 encoded. **Sponsorship** This material is based on research sponsored by Air Force Research Laboratory and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under agreement number FA8750-13-2-0045. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of Air Force Research Laboratory and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the U.S. Government. **Updates** No updates at this time.

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